西北农林科技大学学报社会科学版

主编：
黄思光

主任：
张　洁

刊期：
双月刊

电话：
029-87092606；87092306

E-mail：
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邮发代号：
52-254

创刊时间：
2001年1月

主办单位：
西北农林科技大学

主管单位：
中华人民共和国教育部

国内统一刊号：
CN 61-1376/C

国际标准刊号：
ISSN 1009-9107

编辑部地址：
712100 陕西杨凌西北农林科大北校区34信箱

张建雷,高静.教育竞争与家庭发展期望:农村母亲进城陪读的生成机制[J].西北农林科技大学学报(社会科学版),2026,26(1):108~115

教育竞争与家庭发展期望:农村母亲进城陪读的生成机制

DOI：

中文关键词: 阶层分化教育竞争家庭发展期望进城陪读

英文关键词:social stratification educational competition family development expectations rural mothers accompanying their children studying in urban schools

基金项目:国家社会科学基金青年项目(19CKS045);陕西省教育科学规划项目(SYS2022YB016)

作者	单位
张建雷	(陕西师范大学社会学系,西安 710119)
高静	(陕西师范大学社会学系,西安 710119)

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中文摘要:

农村母亲进城陪读是当前农村家庭教育模式转变的一个重要趋势。这一现象的出现既与城乡之间教育资源配置的不均衡有关,也深受社会分化背景下的教育竞争机制影响,体现了农民家庭积极改变教育资源的弱势地位、努力实现向上流动的主体性和能动性。首先,教育是实现阶层流动的基本途径。随着农村社会阶层分化的加剧,农民家庭为实现阶层地位的向上流动,持续增加了对子女的教育投入,在农村社会中形成了激烈的教育竞争机制。农民家庭先后将子女送入优势教育资源更加集中的城市学校读书,并积极模仿城市中产阶层的母职实践,从而在村庄社会中形成了进城陪读的潮流。其次,教育竞争深刻形塑了农民家庭的发展期望,子女的教育资源获得成为农民家庭发展的中心任务,家庭劳动力和家庭资源的配置主要围绕子代的教育资源获得展开。虽然母亲陪读并不利于家庭收入的最大化,但是相较于隔代陪读,母亲陪读更有助于子代的日常生活照料和学习活动管理,体现了城市化进程中农民家庭新的发展期望,以及其在资源有限的条件下实现家庭整体性发展的逻辑。

英文摘要:

Rural mothers accompanying their children studying in urban areas represents a significant trend in the transformation of rural family education.This situation is not only linked to the uneven distribution of educational resources between urban and rural areas,but also influenced by the educational competition mechanism within the context of social differentiation.Rural mothers accompanying their children studying in cities demonstrates the initiative and agency spirit of peasant families to achieve upward social mobility by overcoming their educational disadvantages.Firstly,education is the fundamental pathway for social mobility.Peasant families continuously boost their investment in children’s education to achieve upward social mobility as social stratification intensifies in rural areas.Thus,it sparks a fierce educational competition in rural society.As urban schools possess more abundant educational resources,more and more peasants relocate their children to urban schools and emulate the maternal roles of the urban middle class,leading to a trend of mothers accompanying their children in urban schools.Secondly,educational competition influences the developmental aspirations of peasant families significantly.Obtaining high-quality educational resources for children become the central task of peasant families.They allocate family labor and resources primarily on the basis of children’s educational resources. Their children could get better daily care and stricter management from mothers’ accompanying, although accompanying children in urban schools would reduce family income compared to alternate generation accompaniment.Rural mothers accompanying study illustrates the development expectations of peasant families and the strategy for achieving holistic family development despite their limited resources.

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